The Senate of Spain (Spanish: Senado de España) is the upper house of Spain's parliament, the Cortes Generales. It is made up of 264 members: 208 elected by popular vote, and 56 appointed by the regional legislatures. All senators serve four-year terms, though regional legislatures may recall their appointees at any time.
Spanish Senate was instituted by the Constitution of 1837 under the Regency of Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies. It remained under the regime of the Constitutions of 1845, 1856, 1869 and 1876. It was composed at that latter time of three main categories; Senators by their own right, Senators for life and Senators elected. This chamber was suppressed after the Coup of General Miguel Primo de Rivera in 1923.
Only after the Transicion in 1978 was again re-instituted.
| Start year | Final year | Name | Political Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| Reign of Isabella II | |||
| 1837 | 1840 | Jose María Moscoso de Altamira Quiroga, Count of Fontao | |
| 1840 | 1842 | Ildefonso Díez de Rivera, Count of Almodóvar | |
| 1842 | 1843 | Álvaro Gómez Becerra | |
| 1843 | 1844 | Mauricio Carlos de Onís | |
| 1844 | 1845 | Jose María Moscoso de Altamira Quiroga, Count of Fontao | |
| 1845 | 1846 | Manuel Pando y Fernández-Pinedo, Marquess of Miraflores | |
| 1846 | 1847 | Manuel de la Pezuela y Ceballos | |
| 1847 | 1851 | Manuel Pando y Fernández-Pinedo, Marquess of Miraflores | |
| 1851 | 1852 | Manuel de la Pezuela y Ceballos | |
| 1852 | 1853 | Manuel Pando y Fernández-Pinedo, Marquess of Miraflores | |
| 1853 | 1853 | Joaquín Ezpeleta y Enrile | |
| 1853 | 1854 | Manuel de la Pezuela y Ceballos | |
| 1858 | 1865 | Manuel Gutiérrez de la Concha, Marquess of el Duero | |
| 1865 | 1866 | Francisco Serrano Domínguez, Duke of la Torre | |
| 1866 | 1868 | Manuel Pando y Fernández-Pinedo, Marquess of Miraflores | |
| Reign of Amadeo I | |||
| 1871 | 1872 | Francisco Santa Cruz | Constitucional Party |
| 1872 | 1873 | Laureano Figuerola Ballester | Constitucional Party |
| Reign of Alfonso XII | |||
| 1876 | 1882 | Manuel García Barzanallana | Liberal Party |
| 1881 | 1883 | José Gutiérrez de la Concha, Marquess of La Habana | Liberal Party |
| 1883 | 1884 | Francisco Serrano Domínguez, Duke of la Torre | Dinastic Left |
| 1884 | 1885 | Francisco Javier Arias Dávila y Matheu | Conservative Party |
| Reign of Alfonso XIII | |||
| 1885 | 1886 | Arsenio Martínez-Campos | Liberal Party |
| 1886 | 1891 | José Gutiérrez de la Concha, Marquess of La Habana | Liberal Party |
| 1891 | 1893 | Arsenio Martínez-Campos | Liberal Party |
| 1893 | 1894 | José Gutiérrez de la Concha, Marquess of La Habana | Liberal Party |
| 1894 | 1896 | Eugenio Montero Ríos | Liberal Party |
| 1896 | 1898 | José Elduayen Gorriti | Conservative Party |
| 1898 | 1899 | Eugenio Montero Ríos | Liberal Party |
| 1899 | 1900 | Arsenio Martínez-Campos | Liberal Party |
| 1900 | 1901 | Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero | Conservative Party |
| 1901 | 1903 | Eugenio Montero Ríos | Liberal Party |
| 1903 | 1905 | Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero | Conservative Party |
| 1905 | 1907 | José López Domínguez | Liberal Party |
| 1907 | 1910 | Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero | Conservative Party |
| 1910 | 1914 | Eugenio Montero Ríos | Liberal Party |
| 1914 | 1915 | Marcelo Azcárraga Palmero | Conservative Party |
| 1915 | 1916 | Joaquín Sánchez de Toca y Calvo | Conservative Party |
| 1916 | 1918 | Manuel García Prieto, Marquess of Alhucemas | Liberal Party |
| 1918 | 1919 | Alejandro Groizard y Gómez de la Serna | Liberal Party |
| 1919 | 1921 | Manuel Allendesalazar y Muñoz de Salazar | Conservative Party |
| 1921 | 1923 | Joaquín Sánchez de Toca y Calvo | Conservative Party |
| 1923 | 1923 | Álvaro de Figueroa y Torres, Count of Romanones | Liberal Party |